Project Management Green Fashion Store

Purpose of the project management plan Environmental pollution is one of the major challenges facing the society today. Despite this, firms are adopting various production and operational strategies in a bid to maximise their level of profitability. Some of the strategies implemented have a negative impact on the environment. The fashion industry contributes to various forms of environmental pollution such as air, water, and soil pollution (Cervellon et al., 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: Green Fashion Store specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A survey conducted by Deloitte shows that most firms in the global fashion industry are not committed towards achieving operational sustainability (Deloitte, 2013). Therefore, their contribution towards prevention of environmental pollution is limited and such a trend may adversely affect the firm’s long-term survival. Therefore, it is impera tive for fashion firms to be conscious of the environment in order to achieve business continuity. This report outlines a project plan with regard to green fashion. Background -Project description The project entails establishing a new store that will deal with ‘green fashion’. The ‘green fashion’ store will give the consigner a choice of choosing a maximum of 40% profit after selling the clothes. The rest will be donated to charities. If the consigned products are not sold within three months, they will become ‘green fashion’ self-owned products. The store will exclusively deal with women’s apparels. In a bid to protect the environment, the store will deal with second-hand clothes made from environmental friendly materials and recycled cloth materials. Project objectives The project intends to promote eco-friendly business operations within the fashion industry. The store will be based on the concepts of re-cycle, re-use, and re-style ( Garth, 2009). Consequently, the project will promote consumption of high quality ‘green fashion’ products. The store will achieve this end by promoting consumption of second-hand fashion clothes. Moreover, the project intends to encourage consumers to integrate the concept of ‘just enough’ in their purchasing patterns.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Scope management Scope management is a critical aspect in project planning processes (Hartley, 2009. Scope management ensures that only the necessary tasks are undertaken hence increasing satisfaction of the target stakeholders (Lau, 2005). The entire project will be subdivided into small and manageable components (Ghuman, 2010). The necessary authorisation such as a license from environmental control agencies in Australia will be sought. Moreover, the input of the project’s sponsor will be sough t. Some of the aspects will be defined in the scope management phase include; The stores design; how the shop will be designed in order to eliminate environmental pollution. Publicising the concept of green fashion amongst consumers Work-breakdown structure The project will be divided into a number of manageable components. However, the project manager will ensure that the various sub-components of the project contribute towards completion of the entire project. A mechanism to measure the success of the entire project will also be incorporated. The chart below illustrates the work-breakdown structure with regard to the ‘Green Fashion’ project. Figure 1: Work-breakdown structure Project assumptions In the process of establishing the Green Fashion Store, the following assumptions will be taken into account. An entrepreneur will undertake the entire process of establishing the store. It is also assumed that the entrepreneur will access the necessary capital from sponso rs and other credit finance institutions in order to establish the store successfully. For the project to succeed, it is assumed that a large number of women will integrate green fashion in their consumption processes. In a bid to attain the desired level of profitability, the project manager assumes that there are sizeable markets to enable the store develop a strong customer base. The project manager assumes that the necessary authorities will approve the store. It is assumed that the project will be completed within the set timeframe. Project constraints A number of risks that emanate from internal and external sources affect projects (Kerzner, 2009).Therefore, it is imperative for project managers to be aware of such risks in order to integrate optimal strategies to avert the risks. The success of the Green Fashion project is likely to be affected by a number of risks as outlined below.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: Green Fashion Sto re specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Budget loss The total budget allocation to the entire project might not be sufficient. Consequently, the likelihood of incurring additional cost is high. Budget loss may affect the firm’s ability to stock the store with sufficient green fashion products. This aspect will limit the number of customers patronising the store. In a bid to minimise the occurrence of budget loss, a clear definition of project requirements will be clearly defined. In a bid to determine the cost of the project effectively, the entrepreneur will use Microsoft Excel and other software that can help in the process of determining cost. Time conflict The process of establishing the Green Fashion Store will consume a substantial amount of time. Poor time allocation may affect the time limit within which the project must be completed. As a result, the likelihood of achieving the set objectives may be affected adversely. The project manager will minimise time conflict by integrating Microsoft Project Server, which is software that aides in effective time management with regard to projects. For example, the software enables the project manager to define critical paths, slack, and slag time effectively (Westland, 2007). Lack of store buy-in The project manager recognises the fact that the project might not receive the intended support from sponsors. For example, external financiers and other sponsors might perceive the project to be a less viable business venture. If this perception occurs, the project might not be started. In a bid to minimise the occurrence of this trend, it will be ensured that the project sponsors and external financiers understand the viability of the business venture, which will be achieved by holding comprehensive discussion with the sponsors on the viability of the business venture. As a result, the likelihood of achieving the necessary support will increase. Additionally, the cu stomers might not understand the concept behind green fashion, which might adversely affect the firm’s sales. In a bid to limit this occurrence, adequate public awareness on green fashion will be conducted.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Project feasibility The project’s feasibility will be evaluated by assessing the commitment of the sponsors towards environmental pollution. Most organisations are investing in various environmental protection programs. Therefore, the likelihood of sponsors being interested in the ‘green fashion’ project is high. The feasibility of the project is also enhanced by the fact that consumers are increasingly becoming conscious of the environment. Kazmi (2008) asserts, â€Å"Eco-friendly products whether in agriculture, clothing, cosmetics, or health are being seen as a better substitute for synthetic products† (p. 81). Additionally, change in consumer behaviour with regard to apparel increases the likelihood of the project’s success. For example, a large number of consumers have many brand-new clothes in their closets that they do not wear. These clothes can be resold as second hand clothes as most consumers are willing to give away such clothes. Project resources and personnel According to Rose (2005), sufficient resources and personnel must be integrated in the project-planning phase. The following aspects will be integrated. In the resource-planning phase, it will be ensured that all the necessary resources such as shop equipments such as furniture and consignment of second-hand women fashion clothes are available. Moreover, the project manager will ensure that adequate and experienced human capital is integrated. According to Nevitt and Fabozzi (2000), the quality of the project team influences the effectiveness and efficiency with which various project activities are executed. Thus, an experienced shop manager with regard to second-hand fashion clothes will be hired. Role Responsibilities The project sponsor Approval of the project Provision of the necessary project guidance Reviewing the progress of the project’s progress Project participants Executing various project activities Identifying possible challen ges that might hinder completion of the project The steering committee Ensuring that funds are allocated effectively Directing the project manager Assessing the project deliverables Chart 1: Key personnel and responsibilities in the project. Project stakeholders Prior to its implementation, the project manage will send the project to a number of stakeholders. One category of stakeholders that will be considered includes the various charity groups that will be identified. The charity groups will aid in the process of generating donations of ‘green fashion’ products. On collecting the fashion products, the consigner will recycle and sell the fashion products. Another category of stakeholders in the establishment of the store includes environmental conservationists and other interest groups. These groups are very passionate about ensuring that businesses operate in an environmental sustainable manner to minimise environmental pollution. Considering the fact the project intends to promote consumption of ‘green fashion’, the firm will ensure that its products are fairly priced. This move will play a significant role in ensuring that the target customer group purchases the trendy fashion items that the firm will be dealing with. Thus, the project will promote the creation of job opportunities in addition to promoting green culture that advocates for eco-friendly consumption habits. Time management Estimating the timeframe within which the expected project deliverables should be expected is critical in preventing cost escalation due to various internal and external factors. This aspect underscores the importance of effective time management in project management processes. In the process of establishing the Green Fashion Store, the project manager will ensure that activities are defined clearly with regard to the expected duration to completion, which will be achieved by integrating the concept of scheduling. The project manager w ill ensure that the scheduled tasks are started when the predecessor’s tasks are completed. On completion of the set tasks, the project manager will evaluate whether all the tasks are linked. In a bid to manage time effectively, the manager will integrate the concept of critical path method. The process of establishing the store is expected to take 3 months. The Gnatt Chart below outlines the activities that will be undertaken in the process of establishing the store. Chart 2: Gnatt chart showing the project’s time management Promoting charity The firm will be committed towards promoting charity in the consumers’ consumption processes. The firm will achieve this goal by adopting the concept of Group Consign, which entails a door-to-door registration. Through this strategy, the firm will be in a position to collect fashion product from different parts within Melbourne. However, the firm will ensure that only consignments above 100 pieces are collected. All donat ions will be collected in from the firm’s corporate office. As a result, the firm will promote charity and ‘green fashion’. In a bid to create sufficient market awareness, a comprehensive communication plan will be adopted. The communication plan will aim at creating awareness to a sizeable market. The communication plan will be comprised of diverse market communication methods such as advertising. Different advertising platforms such as television, radio, and social media will be used in creating awareness, which will increase the number of consumers willing to donate the clothes that they do not wear. As a result, the firm will be in a position to attain the large volume of consignment required to start the business. Project cost Substantial cost is incurred in the process of implementing a project (Taylor, 2008).To successfully determine the cost of establishing the fashion store, the concepts of cost estimation, cost budgeting, and cost control will be incorp orated as illustrated in chart 3 below. Cost item Amount Cost of establishing the store AUS$3,000 Monthly cost of operating the store AUS$8,000 Cost of promotion AUS$10, 0000 Total estimated budget required to establish the project. AUS $21,000 Reference List Cervellon, M., Hjerth, H., Richard, S., Carey, L. (2009). Green fashion: an  exploratory national differences in consumers concern for eco-fashion. Monaco, France: International University of Monaco. Deloitte. (2013). Fashioning sustainability. Web. Garth, J. (2009). 1000 ideas for creative re-use: re-make, restyle, recycle, renew. Beverly, MA: Quarry Books. Ghuman, K. (2010). Management: concepts, practice, and cases. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill. Hartley, S. (2009). Project management. Principles, processes, and practice. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Education. Kazmi, A. (2008). Strategic management and business policy. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Kerzner, H. (2009). Project management a systems approach to planning,  scheduling and controlling. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. Lau, L. (2005). Managing business with SAP: planning, implementation and  Valuation. Hershey, PA: Idea Group. Nevitt, P., Fabozzi, F. (2000). Project financing. London, UK: EuroMoney Publications. Rose, K. (2005). Project quality management; why, what and how. Florida, FL: Ross Publication. Taylor, J. (2008). Project scheduling and cost control: planning, monitoring and  controlling the baseline. Fort, Lauderdale, FL: Ross Publication. Westland, J. (2007). The project management lifecycle: a complete step-by-step  methodology for initiating, planning, executing and closing a project successfully. London, UK: Kogan Page. This essay on Project Management: Green Fashion Store was written and submitted by user Hulkl1ng to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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In broadcasting, the stable relationship that existed for many years between the BBC, a public corporation funded by a licence fee, and the Independent Television sector, a network of private regional broadcasters funded by advertising revenue, has fragmented, as a consequence of the arrival of satellite and cable companies whose main revenues are derived from subscriptions. Particularly significant is the rise and rise of SKY satellite TV and its multi-channel packages, which is owned by Rupert Murdochs News Corporation. The terrestrial stations themselves have also recently entered the digital market place, with varying success. The BBCs non-subscription Free View service has so far proved moderately successful, delivering more dedicated programming aimed at niche audiences and subject areas. However, ITVs ventures into pay-view digital TV, launched as OnDigital in 1998, proved disastrous, being re-launched and then ending up as ITV digital in 2002 after incurring unsustainable losses.  [2]   The national newspaper market in the UK has always been a crowded one. There are currently nine daily and weekly up-market broadsheet titles and 10 tabloids that are distributed across the UK. This is by far the largest national newspaper press in Europe and has led some to question whether this is sustainable in a market the size of Britain. Long-term decline in readership figures (down 20% since 1990), rising production costs and falling advertising revenues have placed significant financial pressures across the sector, squeezing certain titles to the margins of viability.  [3]   These pressures are also evident at local and regional levels of the British newspaper market and have been exacerbated by the rise of free newspaper titles that are funded entirely by advertising revenue. 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Game design the UK has one of the largest gaming industries. 48 of the worlds most profitable studios are based in the UK. The industry has been growing to7.5% from 2009-2012. Some of the main Bristish Media organisations: the British Media Industry Group ,Cable Communications Association , ITV Network Centre, National Association of Press Agencies . Some of the major industry bodies: Commonwealth Press Union, Institute of Local Television, Radio Joint Audience Research. The major occupational/professional groups: Association of British Editors, British Society of Magazine Editors. The main trade unions: Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and Theatre Union. The UK Television The five national networks (excluding satellite) Cable and digital Five national networks in the UK. The main British TV channels are: BBC 1 since 1936, general interest programmes. BBC 2 minority and specialist interests. ITV broadcasting is approximately 33% informative and 66% light entertainment. Channel 4 since 1982, 15% educational programmes, encourages innovation and experiment. Television viewing in Britain- overview The most popular leisure pasttime Average viewing time is over 25 hours a week TV productions continue to win international awards Half of the programmes are bought abroad Childrens TV has been very active( Blue Peter on BBC 1) Youth TV has been started recently Presentation of the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) Six national stations. Broadcasts: BBC 1, 2, 4, BBC News 24, BBC Choice, BBC Parliament. Radio Channels. No advertising. Worldwide television services (BBC World, BBC Prime) The division of programmes Light entertainment (variety shows, soap operas, situation comedies, game shows) News/current affairs Documentaries  [11]   Childrens TV Music Sport Films/TV movies Drama/plays British favourite TV shows Are you being served? 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The most popular British radio stations are  [13]  : Clare FM Anna Livia Live 95 Welsh Radio International Imperial College radio Capital FM BBC Radio 2

Accounts of Attila :: Rome History Attila Essays

Accounts of Attila Works Cited Missing In Priscus’ 449 account, Attila behaves as a leader who does not merely rival the Roman Emperor, but is in fact superior to the Emperor. Furthermore, he exhibits both Roman and barbarian traits. In addition, Priscus does not use the same vocabulary as utilized in the â€Å"Anonyomus Account† to describe Attila. That is, Attila is not depicted as a brutal barbarian warlord or a savage pagan; rather, he is depicted as a leader who is familiar with Roman customs, in possession of luxuries similar to those of Rome, and skilled at political intrigue and manipulation. Priscus’ account is similar to Prosper’s account as it seems to be relatively objective and merely explains the events that transpired (outside of Priscus’ obvious bias, as he was a civil servant and championed the promotion of the Roman systems of law, taxation, and self defense to the Greek Scythian – Priscus, 204). Additionally, Jordanes’ account is similar to the †Å"Anonyomus Account† because they are both subjective (i.e., Jordanes depicts Attila favorably; while he is apparently held in ill favor by the author of the â€Å"Anonyomus Account†). Moreover, all four sources have one theme in common: Attila was perceived to be a legitimate threat to Rome. Attila’s treatment of the Roman embassies in the beginning of Priscus’ account shows that Attila was not afraid to treat the Roman delegation rudely. Indeed, he refused to meet the ambassadors himself and sent his emissaries to do so, although he knew this was not the Roman custom and his ambassadors had received proper treatment on previous occasions in Rome (Priscus, 202). Furthermore, Attila had been known to claim that, â€Å"his own subjects were generals of [Theodosius] and that his own generals were of equal worth to the Emperors of Rome† ( Priscus, 206). Thus implying that he believed he was superior to the Emperor. In addition, Attila was so bold as to demand Ambassadors with higher ranks (Priscus, 206). Attila exhibited Roman and barbarian traits. Unlike the Emperor, who led a republic, he was a barbarian king who ruled over a Monarchy. In addition, Attila differed from the Emperor since he was a warrior king who carried arms and participated in battle as evidenced by Jordanes’ description of his participation in the battle on the Catalaunian Plains (Jordanes, 101-104).

Best Financial Practices

Also, the organization's mindset is directed towards the future with an awareness of the hanging trends, market needs, technological advancements, and to cope and to operate within the changing environment (Herkimer, Jar. , 1988). Budgeting, expressed In dollar terms, involves detailed plans. There are several types of budgets that may dictate the organization's mission and structure and managerial preferences. They are: 1) Statistics Budget; 2) Expense Budget; 3) Operating Budget; and 4) Cash Budget.In addition to budget decisions, there Is timing. Healthcare services organizations should consider two types: 1) Conventional verses Zero-Based Budgets and 2) Top-down versus Bottom-up Budgets. Planning and budgeting are Important managerial activities. It allows health services managers to plan for and set expectations for the future, assess Flanagan performance on a timely basis, and ensure that operations are carried out In a manner consistent with expectations (Sheepskin, 2008).With out planning and budgeting, the business will be disorganized Pricing and Service Decisions In healthcare organizations, the managerial accounting department decides whether an established price for a particular service is profitable. Managers in a charge- based environment must set prices on the services that their organization offers. In addition, determine discounts for managed care plans or business coalitions. Pricing and service decisions affect a business's revenues and costs and determine viability in long term.Health services managers should have a better understanding of the pricing and service decisions they face, because they have the power to set prices. The healthcare providers may be price takers or price setters. When they are price takers, apply target costing, and when they are price setters, apply full cost pricing or marginal cost pricing. In making pricing and service decisions, managers should rely on managerial accounting and actuarial information.Pricing deci sions involve setting prices on services for which the provider is a price setter, and service decisions involve whether or not to offer a service when the price is set by the pay (the provider is a price taker) (Sheepskin, 2008). Without good pricing and service decisions, the business will lose profit and/ or lose customers. Ultimately, it can lead to business closure. Cost Allocation Cost allocation is a pricing process within the organization whereby managers allocate the costs of one department to other departments.There is no objective tankard established; therefore, a business must establish prices that would be set under market conditions. The purpose and goal for cost allocation is to assign all of the costs of an organization to the activities incurred (Sheepskin, 2008). Basically, cost allocation allows managers to make better decisions on cost control, on what services they provide, and how these services should be priced. The best results produced will come from manager s who perceive the cost allocation process to be accurate and fair, and the allocation process should promote cost reduction within heir department/organization.In the end, the managers will be held accountable for costs associated with services by their departments. Managers must know two important elements in cost allocation basics: cost pools and cost drivers. The more confidence that all managers have in its validity, the better the organization will function (Sheepskin, 2008). Without cost allocation, there will disorientation and chaos, because one department will have more cost allocated than the other. Time Value Analysis Time value analysis is the process of assigning appropriate values to cash flows.This s important part of healthcare financial management because it involves the valuation of future cash flows (Sheepskin, 2008). A timeline is the first step in time value analysis. Time lines illustrate and can help managers visualize cash flows analysis such as compounding, discounting, annuity, perpetuity, state rate, and periodic rate that managers must know so that financial decisions are made wisely. Without time value analysis, managers would not be able to appropriately assign values to cash flows, and it could lead to disorientation and financial ruin.Financial Risk and Required Return Unfortunately, there are risks and complications in businesses. In healthcare organizations, taking financial risks may mean investment in new hospital beds or a new managed care plan. A return that is earned less than the expected amount means the financial risk is greater. Managers in health care organizations should develop strategies to manage business and financial risk. One such strategy is to develop risk measures by using a standard of reference. This will allow for some comparison to another measure and a Judgment can be made.For an example, Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAMP) is the relationship between the market risk of a tock, as measured by its marke t beat, and its required rate of return (Sheepskin, 2008). A clear understanding of business and financial risk is essential if the health care organization wants to remain viable in the health care market. Without an understanding of the financial risk and required return, health care organizations can be blind to concepts that are failing and destined for financial ruin.They run a greater risk of losing profit. Reflection The various duties required by managers of healthcare organizations is complicated and multi- faceted. They must know so much in order to make the business run efficiently and successfully. They must understand a multitude of functions. Therefore, working with other experts, accountants, and managers from different departments is crucial in running a lucrative business. This includes planning, acquiring, and utilizing capital in the most efficient way possible.

Carnige essays

Carnige essays Wealth can be measured in many instances; material values or moral and character ethics for example. In society today, the amounts of money, the quantity of property or the worth of possessions dictate the level of status or way of life. These resources acquired through personal success are controlled by the successor. In Carnegies time of 1889 wealth was measured to the equivalent of today but on a more superior scale. He argues that the unequal distribution of wealth needs to be resolved. The idea of distributing wealth evenly amongst the rich and the poor is inequitable to the wealthy. Tearing and destroying a prosperous persons wealth to justify the poor mans failure to succeed disproves the American dream of opportunity. Along with that disproportionate proposal rises a problem with the ethical standing of individualism, distinctiveness and uniqueness. Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness has been an American phrase since the birth of the United States. The idea of dissembling the wealth acquired by the rich and distributing it to the less fortunate contradicts this phrase. The three natural rights are guaranteed to all citizens, rich or poor. Both classes were given the ability to succeed in the areas of wealth, and to strip the accomplished of their wealth only to distribute it to others is a lengthened process called robbery. Combining class structure through equal wealth distribution is a disaster for individualism. Turning back ones ability to distinguish him compared to his challenger or neighbor allows conformity to ascend. This is another ethical contradiction of the American way where individuality is a lead trait. If the wealth structure were evened out, both classes would be tossed into a melting pot where working laboring people would be pitted against the average loaf or lethargic man. All motivation to rise above the competitor would be destroyed through distribution. ...

Comparison Between Normal Red Blood Cells Characteristics And Sickle

Comparison Between Normal Red Blood Cells Characteristics And Sickle Comparison Between Normal Red Blood Cells Characteristics And Sickle Cell – Article Example Comparison between normal red blood cells characteristics and sickle cell Normal human red blood cells are biconcave disc shaped with a high capa for deformability (Diez-Silva et al. 382). Sickle cell red blood cells are present in individuals suffering from a type of structural hemoglobinopathy called sickle cell anemia. Normal adult red blood cells and sickle shaped red blood cells are different because of the dissimilar composition of the amino acid chain in their hemoglobin. Adult hemoglobin has two ÃŽ ± globin chains and two ÃŽ ² globin amino acid chains. It has been known for quite some years now that in sickle shaped red blood cells, glutamic acid of ÃŽ ² globin polypeptide chain is replaced by valine (Diez-Silva et al. 382). Thus, polypeptide chains of hemoglobin are different in these two red blood cells phenotypes. Genetically, this replacement occurs as a result of missense single base mutation, wherein adenine is changed to thymine within the 6th codon. Negatively charged glutamic acid provides stability to the red blood cell structure and its loss leads to alteration in the electrophoretic mobility. This altered phenotype of sickle cell is manifested in the deoxygenated state when the deoxygenated hemoglobin molecule undergoes conformational change into long polymers which distort the red blood cell into distinctive sickle shape, cause potassium leakage and increase the viscosity. Compared to normal adult red blood cells, sickle cells have reduced pliability and increased ‘stickiness’ so that they cannot traverse through small capillaries and adhere to the endothelium of small venules. Thus, sickle cells are more rigid and adherent as compared to normal red blood cells (Benz 669). Also, these cells are more prone to hemolysis in the spleen. After repeated cycles of shape change, these red blood cells become permanently sickled (Diez-Silva et al. 382).Works citedBenz, Edward J. â€Å"Hemoglobinopathies.† Principles of Internal Me dicine. Ed. Eugene Braunwald. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003. 669. Print. Diez-Silva, Monica et al. â€Å"Shape and Biomechanical Characteristics of Human Red Blood Cells in Health and Disease.† MRS Bull 35.5 (May 2010): 382–388. Web. 13 Nov. 2012

Organization Behavior and Learning Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organization Behavior and Learning - Term Paper Example The researcher states that the origin of empowerment as a form of theory was traced back to the Brazilian humanitarian and educator, Freire. He suggested a model for liberating the oppressed people of the world through education. Parpart, Rai, & Staudt, are of the view that empowerment is an alternative approach to social development in local, grassroots community-based initiatives. Lincoln, Travers, Ackers, & Wilkinson, observes that empowerment has been used across a broad variety of disciplines like community psychology, management, political theory, social work, education, women studies, and sociology. The concept of empowerment is conceived as the idea of power ie. either gaining, expending, diminishing, and losing power. The traditional concept of power was an isolated one, where it was held or used at the expense of other people. Empowerment has brought a new dimention of power. In recent times its has been shown that power can be strenthened through sharing with others. In th is sense, power sharing is multidimentional and helps people be incharge of their lives. A review of literature, that was conducted by the researcher shows little discontent in the application of empowerment in the workplace. For its benefits, it is assumed that empowerment is a universal solution appropriate to all organisations in all circumstances. Section 2 of this paper explores key terms, concepts, and theories of empowerment. Section 3 concludes with a discussion of the key concepts established in the paper.

Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Final Exam - Essay Example Pain is one such emotion that will serve as a permanent reminder for the culprit thereby compelling an intuitive behavior change. In their own unique explanations, the two authors explain the need for reforming a behavior before reintroducing an individual into the society. According to the two, effective punishments further serve examples to the rest of the population in the society thus deterring any similar undesired behaviors. In chapter 20, Joshua Green and Jonathan Cohen explain the relationship between punishments and neuroscience. Criminal offenders require effective mental evaluation before recommending appropriate punishments. Through effective psychiatric evaluation, the jurists and correctional facilities will understand the unique behavior patterns of every individual criminal thus designing an appropriate corrective measure. The two contend that the primary objective of punishment is to reform behavior. This requires the concerted effort of effective punishments coupled with appropriate psychological counselling in order to develop a coherent individual who will appreciate the societal values. Neuroscience thus helps devise effective punishments that will not only make the offenders acknowledge their mistakes but also reform their behaviors in case of their reintroduction into the society â€Å"effective punishments result in permanent reformation of behaviors† (Tony 243) In explaining the role of punishment, Lode Walgrave appreciates reintroduction of the criminals into the society. He therefore vouches for restorative justice, which he explains will provide justice to the aggrieved parties by punishing the culpable individuals but also reforms the individuals thereby creating a cohesive society in which people take responsibility of their actions. Restorative justice is thus a holistic approach to punishment since it infuses reformation and healing into punishment. The key